Controversial conclusions from two randomized controlled trials for acupuncture’s effects on polycystic ovary syndrome or in vitro fertilization support

Two reports of trials investigating the potential effect of acupuncture in increasing live birth rate (LBR) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or those undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) were published by Journal of American Medical Association in 2017 and 2018 respectively. The trial investigators did not recommend acupuncture for the women with PCOS or IVF based on their findings. This paper raises the concern that the findings that acupuncture did not increase LBR for women with PCOS or undergoing IVF may be the result of methodological flaws in the studies and unintended bias such as use of an invalid control intervention and underestimation of the true acupuncture effect. Therefore, their findings may not be a valid reflection of acupuncture’s effect in improving LBR in women with these clinical conditions.     

良附丸对寒邪客胃证大鼠胃排空及小肠推进度的影响

目的研究良附丸对寒邪客胃证大鼠胃排空和小肠推进度的影响。方法采用冰水灌胃(内寒)、冰敷胃部(外寒)复制寒邪客胃证大鼠动物模型,边给药边造模,实验7 d后,大鼠予以半固体糊灌胃,30 min后水合氯醛麻醉,解剖检测指标。结果良附丸对治内大鼠饮食、体质量的改善无显著作用(P> 0.05),但能增加饮水量(P <0.01),对治外和治混大鼠的饮食、饮水、体质量均有明显的改善作用(P <0.05);治疗组胃残留率和排空率虽有改善趋势,但无统计学差异(P> 0.05);治疗组小肠推进率显著增加(P <0.05),差异具有统计学意义。结论内寒对大鼠饮食、体质量,外寒对大鼠小肠推进度影响均不大。良附丸不能显著改善胃实寒大鼠胃排空状态,但有改善的趋势;良附丸能显著改善寒邪客胃证(内、混)大鼠小肠推进率,促进胃肠蠕动。     

心房颤动射频消融术后心脏损伤后综合征1例治疗心得及文献复习

对我院心脏中心2018年5月诊断的1例心房颤动射频消融术后心脏损伤后综合征的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并对国内外相关文献进行复习。患者RFCA术后早期出现胸腔积液、炎性标志物升高,拟诊断为RFCA术所致心脏损伤后综合征(postcardiac injury syndrome,PCIS),应用皮质类固醇激素后胸腔积液吸收。PCIS患者一般情况下预后良好。有明显发热、胸痛症状的患者,可予非甾体类消炎镇痛药物(如吲哚美辛)等对症处理。早期应用皮质类固醇激素对有心包积液和胸腔积液的患者有良好的治疗效果。     

多囊卵巢综合征中西医研究进展

多囊卵巢综合征是一种生殖功能障碍与糖代谢异常并存的内分泌紊乱综合征。是目前青中年妇女发病率较高的内分泌系统疾病，此病可由多方面因素诱发引起下丘脑-垂体-卵巢功能轴紊乱。是育龄期妇女月经不调，不孕等疾病的主要诱因。     

何乃举主任中医师伤寒六经辨治癌症学术经验

癌症是世界的难题,是全球人类的灾难。西医放疗、化疗、手术被誉为抗肿瘤的“三板斧”,是治疗癌症的传统方法。何乃举主任中医师遍访全国中医界名家及民间老中医,加之长期的临床实践,形成从伤寒六经辨治癌症的思路经验,从六经辨证仲景已经把癌症早有定位,按照六经辨证学术研究,脏腑本能之气衰败,三阳经外感入里化内热,内热不除,耗伤三阴,引起三阳内闭,闭则不通,聚焦在脏腑,泛滥成灾,这是肾亏骨空内伤。内伤三阳热耗,形成阴不足,阳有余,阴阳失调,必然使脏腑大病。按六经辨治方法,泄内实热,顺水行舟,给病邪找出路,热去阴自复。开鬼门解表,洁净腑利小便。把握伤寒六经辨治规律,诊治癌症也有十之六七,也能见病之源,病跟经走,方跟病行,经病同行,六经大道找病,切中病源。     

朱生樑辨治难治性胃食管反流病经验撷英

介绍朱生樑教授辨治难治性胃食管反流病的经验。认为难治性胃食管反流病的辨证难点在于涉及多个脏腑,病程中又易形成内生之邪,相似证候、性质不同的病机常复合存在。提出立足主要矛盾、明辨脏腑自身及相似脏腑病机变化的特点、厘清虚实权重的辨证思路,在脏腑辨证结合气血津液辨证的基础上立法处方。并附验案2则。     

经方治疗水痘-带状疱疹病毒感染探讨

介绍运用经方辨治水痘和带状疱疹的异同。认为两者均为水痘-带状疱疹病毒感染引起的常见皮肤病。治疗水痘应以祛邪为主,辨证以六经中的太阳、阳明、少阳三阳经为重点,可运用石膏类方等;而对于带状疱疹,应重视扶正,辨证宜兼顾六经、衡量虚实,可予柴胡类方等。     

Birt‐Hogg‐Dubé syndrome‐associated renal cell carcinoma: Histopathological features and diagnostic conundrum

Birt‐Hogg‐Dubé (BHD) syndrome is associated with the development of hereditary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and is caused by a germline mutation in the folliculin gene. Most cases of BHD syndrome‐associated RCC (BHD‐RCC) are less aggressive than sporadic clear cell RCC and multifocal. Therefore, it is critical to distinguish BHD‐RCC from its sporadic counterparts to identify and monitor affected families and to preserve renal function for as long as possible. The World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology consensus classification defined distinct entities for certain hereditary RCC; however, BHD‐RCC was not included in this classification. Although the clinical features and molecular mechanisms of BHD‐RCC have been investigated intensively over the last two decades, pathologists and urologists occasionally face difficulties in the diagnosis of BHD‐RCC that require genetic testing. Affected patients usually have miscellaneous benign disorders that often precede renal carcinogenesis. In the present review, we summarize the current understanding of the histopathological features of BHD‐RCC based on our epidemiological studies of Japanese families and a literature review. Pathological diagnostic clues and differential diagnosis of BHD‐RCC from other hereditary RCC are also briefly discussed.     

近30年中国文献报道恶性淋巴瘤合并自身免疫性血细胞减少症的系统性分析

本文通过收集1989年1月至2019年12月国内学者发表在国内外期刊上的文献及参考文献,共纳入符合标准的140例恶性淋巴瘤(malignant lymphoma,ML)合并自身免疫性血细胞减少(autoimmune cytopenia,AIC)病例,包括溶血性贫血(autoimmune hemolytic anemia,AIHA)、免疫性血小板减少症(immune thrombocytopenia,ITP)、纯红细胞再生障碍性贫血(pure red cell aplasia,PRCA)及Evans综合征等。虽然各亚型淋巴瘤病例数均较少(n=1~28),但通过系统性分析仍得到部分有意义的发现。除免疫性中性粒细胞减少(autoimmune neutropenia,AIN)外,各类AIC均有报道,发生率依次为AIHA>ITP>冷凝集素综合征(cold agglutinin syndrome,CAS)>PRCA>Evans综合征。AIC见于各亚型淋巴瘤,但各类AIC在不同亚型发生率存在差异。CAS仅见于淋巴瘤B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤(B cell nonHodgkin′slymphoma,B-NHL)、AIHA、ITP,Evans综合征多见于B-NHL,PRCA则多见于T细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤(T cell non Hodgkin′s lymphoma,T-NHL)。相较于糖皮质激素等常规治疗,合并ML的AIC抗肿瘤治疗对有效率更高。恶性淋巴瘤合并AIC临床情况复杂,需引起临床关注。     

补肾化浊方联合粪菌移植对来曲唑诱导的多囊卵巢综合征大鼠生殖、代谢功能及相关炎症因子的影响

目的以肠道微生态为切入点探讨补肾化浊方联合粪菌移植治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)潜在机制。方法将30只6周龄SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、中药组、粪菌移植组、中药+粪菌移植组,每组6只。来曲唑1 mg/(kg d)灌胃51 d,第22日起,中药组加灌补肾化浊方21.7 g/(kg d),粪菌移植组加灌新鲜粪便2 g/(kg d),中药+粪菌移植组加灌补肾化浊方21.7 g/(kg d)和新鲜粪便2 g/(kg d),连续30 d,另设空白组。干预结束后,腹主动脉取血检测大鼠血清性激素、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、空腹血糖(FPG),ELISA检测大鼠血清白细胞介素(IL)-18、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,HE染色观察大鼠卵巢形态学变化。结果与空白组比较,模型组大鼠卵巢呈多囊样改变,体质量、睾酮、黄体生成素(LH)/促卵泡激素(FSH)、FPG、HOMA-IR、IL-18、TNF-α水平均明显升高(P<0.01,P<0.001);与模型组比较,中药+粪菌移植组可显著改善上述指标(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001),中药组可显著改善除TNF-α外各项指标(P<0.05,P<0.01),粪菌移植组可显著降低PCOS大鼠LH/FSH、IL-18水平(P<0.01,P<0.001);在降低IL-18水平方面,中药+粪菌移植组作用显著优于中药组(P<0.01)。结论中药联合粪菌移植可显著改善PCOS大鼠生殖和代谢功能,改善慢性炎症状态。